桥面钢箱梁结构焊接变形的有限元模拟

Finite Element Simulation on Welding Deformation for Deck Steel Box Girder Structure

针对桥面钢箱梁结构焊接残余应力和焊接变形复杂的问题,采用ANSYS软件对不同焊接顺序条件下的残余应力和残余变形进行数值模拟,从而优化了焊接工艺。结果表明,采用对称焊接的方法能够显著减小焊后残余应力和残余变形;第四种焊接顺序为最优的焊接顺序,残余应力集中于焊缝附近,焊缝区域的残余应力在270 MPa左右,建议在焊后对工件进行热处理消除残余应力;焊后变形为挠曲变形,变形为对称分布,从工件两端向中间变形量逐渐增大,最大变形量为14.4 mm,建议通过反变形的方法和对称焊接工艺对钢箱梁结构进行焊接。

Focused on the complex issues of welding residual stress and welding deformation in deck steel box girder structure, the residual stress and deformation were simulated under different welding sequence with ANSYS software to order to optimize the welding process. The results show that the symmetrical welding method can significantly reduce the welding residual stress and residual deformation. The fourth welding sequence is the optimal welding sequence, the residual stress concentrates near the weld. The residual stress in the weld region is around 270MPa, a heat treatment was proposed alter welding the workpiece to eliminate residual stresses. The welding deformation is flexure deformation which is symmetrical, the amount of deformation increases from both ends toward the middle. The maximum of deformation is 14.4mm. A adoption of anti-deformation methods and symmetrical welding process in the welding of steel box girder were recommended.