对骨细胞生物学功能的最新认识

The New Understanding in Biological Functions of Osteocytes

骨细胞长久以来都被看作是一种终末分化的、代谢惰性的、深埋在骨基质之中的占位细胞,并不具有重要的生理作用和功能。然而近些年的研究发现,骨细胞是一种活跃的多功能细胞,参与机体诸多生物学过程的调控。骨细胞的生物学功能可以大致归纳为以下六类:调节骨重建平衡、感知和转导力学刺激、参与机体的神经–内分泌调节、与肌肉组织有密切的相互作用、降解与合成骨基质及调控骨组织内储存的钙和其他生物活性物质。

For years, osteocytes have been considered as terminally differentiated, metabolically inactive ＂placeholders＂ within the bone matrix, which did not have an important physiological function. However, recent discoveries have shown that osteocytes are actually dynamic multi functional cells, with many key regulatory roles in biological processes. Roughly, there are six parts of the biological function of osteocyte： orchestrators of bone remodeling, mechanosensation and transduction, endocrine function, crosstalk between osteocytes and muscle cells, matrix synthesis and degradation, gatekeepers of the bioactive proteins and minerals which stored within the extracellular matrix.