飞机复合材料起落架舱门优化设计

Optimum Design of a Composite Landing Gear Door

蜂窝夹芯复合材料逐渐取代铝合金成为舱门的首选材料,其刚度设计及结构减重在飞机的结构设计中十分重要。通过参数化建模建立了蜂窝夹芯结构复合材料舱门的有限元模型,并进行起落架舱门的模拟计算。在打开和关闭两种工况下以刚度和强度为约束,优化舱门的几何结构和复合材料参数。建立代理模型后采用多岛遗传算法和序列二次规划相结合进行优化,实现了蜂窝夹芯结构复合材料舱门的优化设计。通过优化设计,所得到的舱门比原铝合金舱门具有更高的强度和刚度。优化后复合材料舱门重量比优化前下降了11.5%,比铝合金舱门减少了39.6%,起落架舱门总重量明显降低。同时,建立代理模型后再优化的方法优化效率高,解决了多优化变量下找不到最优解的问题。

Honeycomb sandwich composite is gradually replacing aluminum alloy as the prior material for landing gear door because its stiffness design and weight reduction are critical in aircraft design. Paramet- ric modeling was used to build the finite element model of the new type honeycomb sandwich composite landing gear door. Through an agent model, the optimum design of composite door was achieved by multi- island genetic algorithm and sequential quadratic programming subjected to stiffness and strength con- strain under two loading cases, door open and door close. The results show that the strength and stiffness of the composite door are higher. After optimization, the mass of the composite door is reduced by 11. 5 %. Compared with the aluminum alloy door, the total mass of the composite door after optimization was reduced by 39.6%. Therefore ,the total mass of the landing gear door is evidently reduced. At the same time,the method of optimization after building ageiat model is highly efficient and could solve problems that we could not find optimum solution in multivariate design optimization.