媒体对食品作坊式企业安全监管作用机制研究

Mechanism of Media Supervision on Small-scale Food Workshops

近年来,我国食品"黑作坊"频现,作坊式食品小企业的安全问题突出,加强作坊式食品小企业的安全监管已成为各级政府部门监管的工作重点。然而,由于小作坊和小摊贩数量众多、分布不集中,单纯依靠政府部门的监管力量往往显得力不从心,效率低下。在政府面临监管失灵的情况下,社会监管正在成为重要的辅助工具,其监督已影响食品企业行为。特别是我国的新闻媒体,近几年在食品安全监督方面发挥了重要的作用。通过对2011年269篇有关小作坊式企业食品安全问题的新闻报道的分析,研究了媒体对监管小作坊式企业食品安全问题方面的作用机制。研究结果表明,在声誉机制和收益约束机制对作坊式小企业均失灵的情况下,媒体主要是通过引发行政监管部门的介入而间接对食品小企业实施监管。

Recently,food safety issue has become one of the most serious problems in China,especially for thousands of small-scale food workshops existing all around the country,whose safety problems are getting more serious and have become the critical points to solve the whole food safety problems in China.However,their large amount of quantities and varieties of locations have greatly decreased the supervision efficiency from the government.Under this circumstance,media,as one type of social organizations,has shown its power on supervising the food producers.This study tried to pursue the mechanism of how media supervised the small-scale food workshops efficiently.According to our analysis on the 269 news related to food safety issues about food workshops in 2011,the results showed that in China,the media could not correct the behaviors of food workshops directly but could supervise them indirectly through arousing the attentions of government officials.