甲醛和三氯乙烯联合染毒对小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化的影响

Effects of joint exposure to formaldehyde and trichloroethylene on brain tissue lipid peroxidation of mice

目的研究甲醛和三氯乙烯联合染毒对小鼠脑组织脂质过氧化的影响,并探讨其联合染毒的毒性效应。方法将108只健康清洁级昆明小鼠(雌雄各半)按照3×3析因的要求,按性别分别随机分为9组,每组6只,分别为对照组(清洁空气)、甲醛低剂量组(1 mg/m3)、甲醛高剂量组(5 mg/m3)、三氯乙烯低剂量组(1 000 mg/m3)、三氯乙烯高剂量组(5 000mg/m3)、低甲醛+低三氯乙烯剂量组(1 mg/m3+1 000 mg/m3)、低甲醛+高三氯乙烯剂量组(1 mg/m3+5 000 mg/m3)、高甲醛+低三氯乙烯剂量组(5 mg/m3+1 000 mg/m3)、高甲醛+高三氯乙烯剂量组(5 mg/m3+5 000 mg/m3)。采用静式吸入染毒方法,每天2 h,连续染毒14 d。染毒结束后测定小鼠脑组织中的谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活力。结果与阴性对照组相比,除三氯乙烯低剂量组雌、雄小鼠NOS活力无明显差异外,其余各染毒组雌、雄小鼠脑组织MDA含量和NOS活力升高,SOD活力和GSH含量下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与雄鼠相比,除甲醛低剂量组、三氯乙烯低剂量组、低甲醛低三氯乙烯组、高甲醛高三氯乙烯组雌鼠NOS活力和三氯乙烯低剂量组、高甲醛低三氯乙烯组、高甲醛高三氯乙烯组雌鼠SOD活力无明显差异外,其余各染毒组雌鼠脑组织MDA含量和NOS活力升高,SOD活力和GSH含量下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。甲醛和三氯乙烯联合染毒对雌、雄小鼠脑组织NOS、SOD活力和GSH、MDA含量的影响均为交互作用(P<0.05),且表现为协同效应。结论甲醛和三氯乙烯吸入染毒可致小鼠脑组织氧化损伤,二者联合染毒具有一定的协同作用;毒物对雌鼠脑组织氧化损伤影响更为明显。

Objective： To study the effeets of formaldehyde and trichloroethylene in combination on brain tissue lipid peroxidation in mice. Methods A total of 108 Kunming mice （male：female was 1：1） were divided into groups, in accordance with the requirements of the 3×3 factorial, adopted static inhalable exposure at different concentrations of formaldehyde （1, 5 mg/m3）, triehloroethylene （1 000, 5 000 mg/m3） and the mixture of both, two hours per day for 14 eonseeutive days. After 14 days of treatment, glutathione （GSH）, malondialdehyde （MDA）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and nitric oxide synthase （NOS） levels in ibrain tissue were determined. Results Compared with negative control group, there has no difference in NOS activity among male and female mice, except for triehloroethylene low dose group,the levels of MDA and NOS in brain tissue of male and female mice in other groups were higher, and the levels of SOD and CSH deereased, the differenee was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Compared with males, except some dose groups revealed no obvious difference in NOS and SOD in female mice, the rest of the exposure groups showed higher levels in MDA and NOS in brain tissue and lower levels of SOD and GSH （P〈0.05）. Joint exposure to formaldehyde and triehloroethylene showed interaetion on the levels of NOS, SOD, GSH and MDA in brain of male and female mice （P〈0.05）, and showed the synergistic effects. Conclusion Inhalable exposure of formaldehyde and triehloroethylene in combination may induce oxidative damage in brain of mice, the joint toxicity of formaldehyde and triehloroethylene is synergistic.