新型汽车后防护装置的碰撞仿真研究

Crash Simulation of New Car Rear Under- run Protector

利用CATIA实体建模功能,创建了壁障模型、汽车后防护装置的实体模型和小车的实体模型,并应用有限元的思想对所有模型进行材料定义、网格划分等前处理。运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA对壁障与其后防护装置的动态碰撞试验进行仿真以及对皮卡与其后防护装置进行追尾碰撞仿真,根据仿真结果,评价了该防护装置的防护性能。同时,对在发生偏置碰撞时防护装置的防护性能进行了研究。在仿真分析结果的基础上设计了一种新型吸能式的汽车后防护装置结构,并通过理论研究和整车追尾碰撞仿真验证了新型汽车后防护装置的可行性与优越性。

3 D models of rear under - run protection devices, mobile deformable barrier and car were established using CAT- IA solid modeling functions. All models were pre - proceeding with finite element method. The mobile deformable barrier to rear under - run protection device and car to rear under - run protector were simulated using ANSYS/LS - DYNA. The performance of the rear under - run protection device was assessed and the performance of the rear under - run protection device was studied by width offset collision simulation. A new energy absorption type under -run protection device was designed which can improve the energy absorption property. By vehicle rear - end collision simulations the optimized feasibility of protective devices was verified.