气候资源是否可以国家所有——对《黑龙江气候探测和保护条例》第7条的质疑

Whether Climate Resource Can be Owned by Nation——Query to Article 7 of Heilongjiang Climate Detection and Protection Ordinance

黑龙江省出台的《黑龙江气候资源测探和保护条例》中关于气候资源归国家所有的规定,引起了学术界广泛的探讨。探究《宪法》、《物权法》等上位法并没有气候资源所有权的规定,并且这样的规定也与国务院等部门出台的意见的精神相背离;另外,气候资源也不符合民法上物的特点;后,从国家自然资源所有权分析,气候资源国有化也会出现很多的弊端。所以要规范气候资源的发和保护,应不涉及权属制度完善相关的管理制度。

Heilongjiang Province has promulgated a law, which called Heilongjiang climate resource probing and protection ordinance. According to the law, the owner of climate resource is nation, which has caused big contro-versy. Such a provision is not only incompatible with higher-level laws, such as Constitution and Property Law, but also go against the spirit of opinions issued by State council and other department. In addition, climate resource dose not conform to the features of object in Civil Law. Finally, analyzed from the perspective of ownership of the countryg natural resources, nationalization of climate resource will rise a lot of drawbacks. In order to regulate the development and protection of climate, it is necessary to improve the management system instead of nationalization.