论《红楼梦》中七言绝句基于小说功用的艺术特色

On the Artistic Characteristics of the Seven-Character Quatrain Which Based on the Movelistic Function in The Dream of Red Mansion

《红楼梦》中所有的七言绝句诗组合起来成是一个整体,在文本中为小说叙事服务,整体上有着不同于一般七绝的艺术特色。由于诗歌在小说中的辅助角色和作者"以意为主"的诗歌观,出韵、出律的现象时有出现。为刻画人物、辅助叙事,或者点示小说主旨,作者充分利用七言四句起承转合的结构,运用对仗、比兴、虚字等艺术手法,并通过不同的绝句风格展现不同的人物性格。它们在小说中布局巧妙,含义深广,有着如局中洞天,同时融化无迹的存在形态及艺术效果。

All the Seven - Character Quatrains together in the novel the Dream of Red Mansion constitute a whole. It service for the novel＇s Narrative in the text, so it has artistic characteristics different from the gener-al. Because of the poem＇s auxiliary role in the novel and the author＇s Poetry view that consider the Conception as the principal, Chu - Yun and Chu - Lv Sometimes appear. To portray characters, aid narrative, and Prompt the purport of the novel, the author make full use of the poem structure ＂Qi, Cheng, Zhuan, He＂, and the artistic techniques of antithesis, ＂bi xing＇, ＂xuzi＂ . He unfolded different character personality through different poem style. These quatrains which are arranged cleverly have deep meaning, and have Existing form and Artistic effect that like a word in a cave which melt no traee.