少子高龄化背景下日本公共年金财政危机及启示

The Financial Crisis of Public Pension in Japan and the Enlightenments to China:Based on the Few-Generating and Aging Phenomenon

少子高龄化的不断加剧给日本公共年金财政带来巨大挑战。公共年金空洞化、年金积立金运作收益负增长使国民对现行公共年金制度不信任,越来越多的人拒绝缴纳公共年金,导致日本公共年金财政危机不断凸显。目前,日本政府将解决公共年金财政危机,恢复公共年金制度的信誉作为公共年金制度改革的主要任务。而对于少子高龄化速度不断加快的中国,总结日本公共年金财政危机的经验,对完善中国养老保险制度,避免中国老龄化高峰期出现养老保险财政危机具有重要的现实意义。

T he increasing of few-generating and aging phenomenon brings big challenges to the Japanese public pension finance .The public pension was hollowed out as well as the profits growth of using financial accumulation of pension was negative ,which made citizens didn’t trust the current public pension system . Increasing number of citizens refused to pay the public pension ,as a result ,Japanese public pension finan-cial crisis continued to arise .Recently ,resolving the public pension financial crisis and regaining the credi-bility of the public pension system were made as the main task of the public pension system reform by Japa-nese government .Meanwhile ,with the few-generating and aging increasing rapidly in China ,it is really important to study the experiences and instructions of Japanese public pension financial crisis .In that case , not only could we improve the endowment insurance system but also avoid endowment insurance financial crisis during the peak time of aging problem in China .