以家庭为中心护理模式在儿科护理中的应用

Application of the family-centered care model in pediatric nursing care

目的探讨以家庭为中心的护理模式在儿科护理中的效果，提升患儿及家长的满意度和患儿安全。方法创建以家庭为中心的护理模式，主要包括：建立家庭式病房（包括合理的病房结构、营造病房安全感和温馨气氛、为家长提供便利的服务设施），关注孩子及家长的需求，患儿的教学及生活计划，选择资历达标的护士，明确护士的具体职责，培训和考核护士的护理理论和实践知识。以美国波士顿儿童医院研制的“以家庭为中心护理量表”“为研究工具，运用随机抽样，对193名患者家属、管理者31名及医护人员117名进行问卷调查，评价以家庭为中心护理模式在儿科护理中的实施效果。结果家长的总体满意度为93．58％，患儿安全指标发生率明显下降。结论在护理过程中，以家庭为中心护理模式主要强调的是重视家庭和谐与健康，同时突出家长在维护患儿健康所占的重要位置，妥善地指导家长该如何去照顾患儿，尽量让家长与患儿在一起，并为孩子及家长提供适当及需要的护理。

Objective To discuss the effects of the family-centered care model in the pediatric nursing care, in order to enhance the satisfaction of the children and parents and children＇ s safety. Methods A family-centered care model was created, which mainly includes as follows： to set up a family-style wards （about the reasonable ward structure, to create a sense of security and a warm atmosphere ward, to provide parents with convenient services and facilities）, concerning about the needs of children and parents, children＇s education and life plans, to select the qualification standards for nurses, nurse＇s specific responsibilities clear, training and assessment nurses nursing theory and practical knowledge. Children＇s Hospital Boston in the United States developed the ＂family-centered care scale＂ as a research tool, the use of random sampling, 193 family members of patients, and 31 health care managers, 117 questionnaires were evaluated family-centered care model in pediatric care in the implementation results. Results Parents overall satisfaction was 93.58%, the incidence of children with safety indicators decreased significantly. Conclusion In the nursing process, family-centered care model mainly emphasize family harmony and health, while highlighting the parents in the maintenance of healthy children occupies an important position, properly instructs parents how to take care of the children, try to make the parents together with the children and to provide appropriate and necessary care for the children and parents.