基于泰尔指数的我国地区卫生资源分布公平度研究

Analyzing Fairness Degree of Health Resources Distribution in China Based on Theil Index

目的:分析我国各省市卫生资源分布的公平状况,为国家制定相关政策提供决策建议。方法:采用泰尔指数方法来度量卫生资源分配的省际差距,并分析了我国31个省市2003—2011年的卫生资源分布的相关数据。结果:我国医疗卫生技术人才分布不均现象比较严重,北京等大城市的医疗卫生技术人才比贵州等西部地区密集得多;同时,城乡居民之间的就医水平也存在严重不均,城镇居民拥有比农村居民更高的医疗支出水平。结论:国家应采取措施鼓励更多的医疗技术人才到西部欠发达地区工作,同时通过提高农村医疗保险报销比例等措施提高农村居民的就医水平。

Objective： To analyze the fairness of health resource distribution in various cities and provinces in China, to provide policy recommendations for the state to formulate relevant policies. Methods： Using Theil index method to measure the provincial disparity of health resources allocation and analyze the relevant data about regional health resources in 31 provinces from 2003 to 2011 in China. Results： Chinese medical and health technical personnel are seriously uneven distributed; the number of health technical personnel in big cities such as Beijing is denser than that in western areas like Guizhou. At the same time, the medical treatment level between urban and rural residents also exist serious inequality, urban residents have higher spending levels than rural residents. Conclusion ：The state is recommended to adopt measures to encourage more medical technical talents to work in western underdeveloped region. At the same time, the state should improve the medical level of rural residents by improving the rural medical insurance reimbursement ratio and other measures.