福建省屏南县2009—2012年疑似预防接种异常反应监测和评价

Monitoring and Evaluation on Prevention of the Suspected Adverse Reaction in Pingnan County of Fujian from 2009 to 2012

目的分析疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的流行特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法采用描述流行病学分析方法,对屏南县2009—2012年AEFI监测资料进行分析。结果 2009—2012年共报告AEFI个案85例,平均报告发生率为28.36/10万,报告发生率逐年上升。无疫苗质量事故和接种事故发生,一般反应占90.59%,异常反应占5.89%。3～9月病例居多,0～1岁占62.35%,3～8月龄占0岁组的78.57%,男女性别比为1.36∶1。AEFI发生率较高的疫苗是白破和无细胞百白破疫苗,临床损害以发热、局部红肿、硬结和过敏性反应为主,85.88%在1 d内出现反应,病例转归良好。48 h内及时报告率为100%,48 h内及时调查率为100%,AEFI监测系统运行正常。结论AEFI主要集中在小年龄组,以一般反应为主,愈后良好。应加强培训,做好接种前的询问和告知工作,规范预防接种操作标准,提高AEFI监测敏感性和监测工作质量。

OBJECTIVE Analysis of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） epidemic characteristics, evaluation of AEFI monitoring system. METHODS Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was adopted, to analyze AEFI monitoring data in Pingnan County from 2009 to 2012. RESULTS From 2009 to 2012, 85 cases of AEFI were reported, the average reported incidence rate of 28.36/10 million, the report incidence increased year by year. No vaccine quality accident and accident of vaccine inoculation, the general reaction accounted for 90.59%, accounting for 5.89% of abnormal reaction. The majority of the cases of 3~9, 0~1 years old accounted for 62.35%, from 3 to August 0 years old age group accounted for 78.57%, the male to female ratio was 1.36：1. The higher incidence of vaccine is white broken and acellular DPT vaccine, clinical damage with fever, local swelling, induration and allergic reaction, 85.88% cases occurred within 1D, a good outcome. 48 h timely report rate was 100%, 48 h timely investigation rate was 100%, AEFI monitoring system. CONCLUSION AEFI is concentrated in the younger age groups, most as the general reaction, the recovery was good. It should strengthen the training, to do pre inoculation ask and counsel, standard vaccination operation, improve the sensitivity of AEFI surveillance and monitoring of the work quality.