树木年轮学方法在自然灾害研究中的应用

Application of Dendrochronology in Studying Natural Hazards

随着洪水、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害事件的频繁发生,地质灾害风险管理和评估受到了越来越多的关注。而对地貌形成过程的理解是评价自然灾害风险的前提条件,获取历史时期地质灾害过程的时间与空间分布信息,是评估和分析灾害风险的基础。由于树木年轮方法具有定年准确、连续性强、分辨率高和易于复本等特点,在样品量足够多的前提下,该方法可以精准地确定滑坡、洪水、泥石流等事件发生的年份。与历史记录资料方法和地衣测量年代法相比,树木年轮方法具有获取灾害事件空间分布、发生频率以及季节性等信息的优势。

The occurring frequencies of floods, landslides, debris flows and other geological disaster events are increasing in recent years. As a result, the risk management and evaluation of geological disasters attract more and more attention. It is important to understand the geomorphic processes and the knowledge of disaster events oc curred in the past for assessing natural hazards. It is a foundation of carrying out the disaster risk assessment and a nalysis to get the information of temporal and spatial distribution of historical disasters. Treering data are character ized by the accurate dating, strong continuity, high resolution and being easy to copy. Treering method can be used to precisely determine the time of occurred floods, landslides, debris flows and other geological disaster e vents. Compared with the historical record method and lichen measurement method, the treering method has the potential to get the information of spatial distribution, occurrence frequency and seasonality of disaster events oc curred in the past.