基于DNA条形码技术对新疆罂粟科部分植物系统发生分析

Phylogeny of Some Papaveraceae Plants in Xinjiang Based on DNA Barcoding Technology

以新疆地区4属5种罂粟科植物为研究对象,利用DNA测序技术测定植物叶绿体rbcL基因、核基因ITS,并研究将这两种特定基因联合作为DNA条形码在识别新疆地区罂粟科植物的可行性和有效性。对15条新疆罂粟科植物的ITS-rbcL序列进行信息分析,发现其基因片段多态性位点较多,种内平均遗传距离小于种间。另外,以4种毛茛属植物做外类群对31种罂粟科植物进行聚类分析。结果显示:同属植物基本聚在一起,说明这一联合片段用来鉴定罂粟科植物中属的分类阶元是可行的。所选择的ITS-rbcL片段对罂粟科植物的分类鉴定有一定的参考价值。通过研究还发现,新疆鳞果海罂粟与伊犁秃疮花的亲缘关系较该属其他植物更为接近;新疆重点保护植物红花疆罂粟与黑环罂粟为近缘种;rbcL基因由于其保守度较高,并不适合作罂粟科植物的进化标记基因。

DNA sequencing technology was used to sequence the chloroplast rbcL gene and nuclear gene ITS of 5 species of 4 genus individuals in papaveraceae. The main purpose was to verify the feasibility and availability of the integrated gene sequence as a method to identify papaveraceae plants in Xinjiang. The analyzed results of ITS-rbcL and sequences of 15 Xinjiang poppy plants revealed that the integrated gene fragment had many polymorphism sites, and the average intraspecific genetic distance was shorter than the average interspeeific genetic distance. In addi tion, based on 4 ranunculus outgroups and 31 poppy plants, a cluster analysis was carried out, and it was revealed that most of the same genus individuals stayed together. So this fragment was feasible to identify the genus taxa of papaveraceae, and it had a certain reference value for classifying and identifying poppy plants. It was also found that the Glaucium squamigerum and Dicranostigma iliensis have a closer kinship than other plants of the same two genera, Roemeria refracta, a key protected plant in Xinjiang, has a close relation with Papaver, and rbcL is too conservative to do as an evolutionary gene marker in papaveraceae.