苏打盐碱土种稻改良的水资源高效利用田间试验研究

Experiment Research of Water Resources Utilization on Soda Saline-alkali Soil Improvement by Planting Rice in the Field

研究了泡田洗盐与水稻生育期排水措施对苏打盐碱土种稻改良的影响。结果表明,前2次泡田洗盐后土壤脱盐率增幅较大,之后幅度减小并趋于稳定;洗盐2次后,土壤含盐量为0.25%、ESP为31.6%、pH值为8.5,达到盐碱土种稻的"淡化表层"建立标准。处理Ⅱ、处理Ⅲ的耕层含盐量均小于0.3%,产量分别是处理I的2.04倍和2.06倍;水分生产效率为处理Ⅱ>处理Ⅲ>处理Ⅰ。泡田排碱2次和水稻生育期内排水1次是提高水稻产量和节水的有效措施。

The effects of soil salt leaching by steeping field and drainage during the rice growth on the improvement of Soda saline-alkali soil were studied. The results showed that desalination rate increased greatly in the two previous soil salt leaching by steeping field, then the rate increased lowly. Through soil salt leaching by steeping field for two times, soil salinity reached 0.25%, ESP reached 31. 6% and p H reached 8. 5, which met the standard of ＂soil desalting surface layer＂. The soil salt content was less than 0. 3 % in the treatment II and treatment III, the yields in the treatment II and treatment III were 2. 04 and 2. 06 times as many as the treatment, and the water production efficiency was that treatment II 〉 treatment III 〉treatment I. Soil salt leaching by steeping field for two times and drainage for one time could improve the rice yield and save water.