往复式压缩机节能降耗技术分析

Energy-saving Measures for Reciprocating Compressor

针对如何最大限度地降低往复式压缩机的能耗问题,通过建立往复式压缩机的指示功量及功率理论公式,得出压缩机的气缸尺寸和转速一定时,压力比、压力损失和气体性质是影响压缩机功率的主要因素,并通过压缩机性能模拟计算软件,分别对天然气气体性质中的绝热指数、气体比重、压缩系数和工作参数中的进气温度、进气和排气压力等因素对压缩机功率的影响作了分析,得出了气体比重增加、绝热指数减小会使压缩机的排气量和功率下降以及工作参数中影响压缩机功率的主要因素是入口压力与压缩比的结论,并根据结论制定出了诸如改善压缩机的运行条件、合理布置管道、选用导热系数高且便于清洗的冷却器、定期清理机组空冷器等往复式压缩机日常生产运行中的节能降耗措施。

Reciprocating compressor has been more and more widely applied to not only long-distance pipeline transportation and processing for natural gas but also injection-production procedure of gas well. But, how to reduce its energy consumption to the utmost extent is still a problem. So, in this study, through establishing the theoretical formula of indicator power, some main influencing factors on compressor power are made certain, containing cylinder size and rotation speed-timing of compressor, pressure ratio and loss, and gas property. Furthermore, through simulation of compressor property, the effects of some gas properties(adiabatic exponent, gas specific weight, and compressibility factor) and many parameters(suction temperature, and intake and exhaust pressure) on compressor power are analyzed; and then, two conclusion are made: one is that an increase of gas specific weight and a decrease of adiabatic exponent may lessen both gas displacement content and power of compressor; another is that the main factors affecting compressor power are inlet pressure and compression ratio. At last, some energy-saving measures are made for reciprocating compressor, containing, to improve its operation condition, to reasonably layout pipelines, to select the cooler for easy cleaning and with high heat conductivity, and to clean the air cooler in regular.