西美尔对青年卢卡奇异化思想的影响

Simmel's Influence on Young Lukács' Thoughts of Alienation

西美尔是青年卢卡奇异化思想的主要源泉。西美尔指出,现代文化的分裂造成了文化悲剧,青年卢卡奇象西美尔一样对现代文化的危机作出了诊断,将其视为异化的表征。西美尔认为劳动分工是主客观文化分离的动因,虽然马克思等也曾对劳动分工有过精辟论述,然而青年卢卡奇却是透过西美尔的眼睛来认识劳动分工的。西美尔文化悲剧的本质在于生命与形式的冲突,青年卢卡奇同样将其视为自己思想的基础型结构,并试图在资本主义异化面前打破心灵与现实的壁垒,探索并建立新形式,以结束资本主义社会的文化悲剧。

Simmel is the main source of young Luka;cs’ thoughts alienation. As Simmel had pointed out that cultural tragedy was caused by the division of modern culture,young Lukacs also attributed the crisis of modern culture to alienation. Simmel held that it was the division of labor that separated subjective culture from objective culture. Karl Max had an incisive argument about the division of labor,but young Lukacs followed Simmel’ s views on it. The es-sence of Simmel’ s thoughts on cultural tragedy lies in the conflict of life and form which was inherited by Luk＆#225;cs as the basic structure of his early thoughts. Facing the alienation of the capitalist society, Lukacs tried to break the barriers between mind and reality in order to end the capitalist cultural tragedy by exploring and creating new forms.