民族作家王华《家园》的人类学解读

An Anthropological Interpretation of Homeland by Ethnic Writer,Wang Hua

贵州仡佬族女作家王华在创作中始终坚守乡土民间立场,关注贵州村民的生存真实,她的小说《家园》即是其为彰显乡村文化的人文价值而展开的一次文化玄思与表述尝试。《家园》通过安沙文化与山外文化的一系列碰撞、比较,隐晦曲折地诠释了传统乡村文化的价值。在《家园》中,对自身文化从不敝帚自珍的安沙人,在迁居山外、饱受折磨的过程中,终于逐渐认识到了传统乡村文化的价值,继而决心用魔幻化的绝望手段来守望安沙文化。《家园》表明王华的乡村文化表述成功地实现了范式超越,其特点就是借鉴"地方性知识"、"阐释人类学"、"符号学"等文化研究手段进行民主、平等的地方性文化表述。

Wang Hua,a woman writer from Gelao Nationality of Guizhou,sticks to the position of native folks and concerns the survival of villagers in Guizhou in her composition. Homeland,one of her novels,is about metaphysical thoughts and expression attempts for highlighting the humanistic value of rural culture. In an obscure manner, Homeland displays the value of traditional rural culture through a series of clashes and comparisons of Ansha culture and the outside culture. In this novel,people from Ansha,who did not treasure their own culture initially,finally recognize the value of traditional rural culture, in the process of moving to the outside and suffering torture, and thus,resolve to protect their culture in a magical and desperate way. Homeland shows Wang Hua has successfully a-chieved meta-paradigms in her expression of traditional rural culture. Its characteristics are democratic and equal expressions of local culture,with reference to the “local knowledge”,“interpretation of anthropology”,“semiotics”and other means of cultural studies.