重庆地区太阳能热水应用适宜性分析

ANALYSIS OF SOLAR HOT WATER APPLICATION ADAPTABILITY IN CHONGQING AREA

基于重庆全年太阳能资源分布特征，采用动态理论计算方法，对重庆地区全年太阳能热水应用效果、节能量等进行分析，结果表明：在重庆地区，集热器全年集热稳定性较高，逐月平均热效率均约为50％，具有较好的环境适应性；重庆地区热水负荷与太阳能资源分布匹配性较差，在设计保证率为30％下，全年平均实际太阳能保证率为31．74％，其中4～9月份的平均太阳能保证率为49．12％，热水应用效果较好，而11月至次年2月平均太阳能保证率较低，仅为13．52％，应用效果较差；当调整热水供水温度为45％时，全年平均实际太阳能保证率可达到49．26％，可满足大部分时间的使用。相对天然气、电加热、空气源热泵3种常规热源，全年常规能源替代量分别为3135．05m^3天然气，9654．26kg标准煤，2348．33kg标准煤，节能率达到31．74％。

The dynamic theoretical calculation methodology was used to analyze the effect of solar hot water application and energy savings based on the solar resource in Chongqing area. The result showed that the working stability of collector is relatively high, its average heat collection efficiency keeps about 50% in each month, adapting local dynamic environment. Solar energy can not match the need for hot water and the annual practical solar fraction is only 31.74% compared to the designed fraction 30%, The practical fraction reaches 49. 12% during April to September, which has a better effect of hot water application. Comparably, The practical fraction is just 13.52% from November to next February, whose application effect is worse, However, the annual practical fraction can reach 49.26% when the hot water application temperature is reduced to 45℃, Which can meet the practical application in most of the time. It can save 3135.05m^3 natural gas, 9654. 26kg standard coal and 2348.33kg standard coal compared to natural gas heat source, electrical heating, air source heat pump, respectively.