婴幼儿健全人格培养的临床跟踪研究

Clinical tracking study of early intervention on healthy personality development in infants

目的探讨早期综合干预对培养婴幼儿健全人格的影响,为儿童的优育优教提供依据。方法选择2007年9-12月出生于中山市并在中山市博爱医院进行常规体检的正常新生儿88人,随机分为干预组46例,对照组42例。两组均定期随访,干预组除一般养育指导外,由经培训的专业人员负责进行健全人格培养的个体化指导,并定期组织培训课程的学习等。在婴儿1～4个月和2.5～3岁完成儿童气质量表,2.5～3岁时采用幼儿人格发展趋向量表(Personality Tendency Scale for Children,PTSC)、Achenbach儿童行为量表(Achenbach Children's Behavior Check List,CBCL)、婴幼儿智能发育量表(Children's Developmental Center of China,CDCC)等标准化工具进行评估。结果干预组PTSC(t=4.276,P<0.001)、CDCC[智力发育指数MDI(t=4.775),运动发育指数PDI(t=2.559),P均<0.05]的各项平均分及气质特点(χ2=17.636,P=0.001)与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义,干预组的结果均显著优于对照组。结论早期综合干预能显著促进婴幼儿健全人格的发展,0～3岁是培养婴幼儿健全人格的关键时期。

Objective To explore the effects of early intervention on healthy personality development in infants and the evidence for optimized nurture and education. Methods A total of 88 newborns who were born from September to Decem- ber 2007 in Zhongshan city and took periodic medical examinations in Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City were chosen and ran- domly assigned to early intervention group （46 cases） and control group （42 cases）. Regular follow-up and general parenting guidance were performed for both groups. In addition to common health guidance, individualized instructions of healthy per- sonality and training courses for parents were organized by well-trained professionals for early intervention group. The standard instruments used to assess the effect of intervention were Temperament Questionnaire （1 -4 months old and 2.5- 3 years old）, Personality Tendency Scale for Children （PTSC） （2.5 = 3 years old）, Achenbach Children Behavior Check list （CBCL） and Children＇s Developmental Center of China （CDCC）. Results The mean scores of PTSC （t= 4. 276, P〈 0. 001） ,CDCC （Mental Development Index,t=4. 775 ,P〈0.01; Psychomotive Development Index,t=2. 559 ,P〈0.05） and Temperament （X2= 17. 636,P= 0. 001） in the intervention group were significantly better than those in control group. Conclusion Early intervention can significantly promote the formation of a healthy personality of early childhood; it is a golden stage to cultivate infants＂ healthy personality in 0-3 years old.