直升机吊放声纳探测建模与仿真研究

Research on Modeling and Simulation of Helicopter Dipping Sonar Detection

由于现有水声环境模型很难为吊放声纳战术研究提供真实可用的模型支持,因此为研究吊放声纳探测概率分布规律,本文采用风压经验公式和Bellhop与Jackson模型,分别对海洋背景噪声和混响干扰进行分析和建模,并根据吊声性能和工作原理,建立了吊放声纳检测概率计算模型,通过设置水声环境和潜艇目标参数,计算吊声检测概率在水声环境中的空间分布。仿真结果表明,在良好的水文条件下,吊声探测效果较好,2 000m以内的目标探测概率较高,最远约9 000m处仍存在探测到目标的可能;吊声探测距离对潜艇目标深度十分敏感,对于吊点深度上下附近(40m)的潜艇探测距离明显增加,同时由于水声传播损失和混响的影响,吊声主动探测效果具有不确定性和断续性,因此吊声检测概率呈现不确定性立体分布。该研究为搜潜战术研究提供了理论依据。

Yet former acoustics environment models can not set good foundation for anti-submarine searching tactics of dipping sonar.In order to research on distribution of dipping sonar active detection probability,firstly,based on wind pressure experiential expressions and Bellhop model with Jackson model,this paper builds models of ocean environment noise and reverberation,and then it builds dipping sonar active detection probability model according to sonar detection capability and mechanism.Finally,it simulates space distribution of dipping sonar active detection probability basing on set acoustics environment and target parameters.The result shows that good acoustics environment is benefit for dipping sonar detect that detect probability is high in 2 000 m and still exists about 9 000 m far form target,detectable distance is sensitive with target depth that it increases apparently about dipping depth （40 m）,and as the influence of acoustics transmission loss and reverberation dipping sonar active detect is uncertain and three-dimensional,and hence dipping sonar detection probability spreads uncertainly in solid.The research sets theoretical foundation for anti-submarine searching tactics research.