海南省行业工资差异的演变及其影响因素的实证分析

The Empirical Analysis on the Evolution and Influencing Factors of Hainan Provincial Industrial Wage Gap

该文以海南1993-2011年行业工资数据为基础,分析了行业工资的演变及不同行业工资的影响因素。研究显示,海南省行业工资差距的扩大呈先缓后急的态势,高工资行业基本为金融、交仓邮、信计软这三类。而批零、住宿餐饮以及农林牧渔业基本上一直居于末尾,尤其是后者;而无论是高收入或低收入行业,垄断程度均是行业工资的显著影响因素,且多数行业垄断程度均是根本性的影响因素。在农业、采矿、制造、建筑、交通运输等劳动技能要求较高的行业,劳动生产率是其工资的显著影响因素;而人力资本水平对行业工资的影响因行业而异,对金融、房地产等行业工资的影响是显著的,甚至是关键的。

This paper analyzes the evolution of industrial wage gap and the income influencing factors in differ- ent industrial sectors separately based on the industrial wage data from 1993 to 2011 of Hainan province. The re- suits show that the expansion of industrial wage gap in Hainan has experienced the process from slow growth to dra- matic increase. The industrial sectors boasting high wages are basically those financial institutions, transportation ＆ warehousing ＆ post and telecommunication enterprises and information ＆ computer services ＆ software companies, while the wholesale ＆ retail, hotel ＆ restaurant, agriculture ＆ forestry ＆ animal hushandry ＆ fishery sectors are mainly the lowest-income ones. And regardless to the sectors with either high income level or low income level, the extent of monopoly is the most significant influencing factor, and even the fundamental factor in most industries. In agriculture, mining, manufacture, and construction sectors which require higher labor intensity and labor skills, the labor productivity is the remarkable impact factor on wage level, while the influence of human capital level va- ries. In the financial and real estate sectors, which require higher labor quality, influence of human capital level is significant and even pivotal.