中国女子马拉松项目特点及训练规律研究

Research on the Event Characteristics and Training Laws of Women Marathon in China

期望通过对我国女子马拉松项目特点的总结和训练规律的研究,为我国女子马拉松这个潜优势项目在一些重大比赛的备战和后备人才的培养方面提供思路和参考,最终使得该项目能够发展成为我国的优势项目。采用的研究方法主要有文献资料法、观察法和访谈法。通过对我国女子马拉松选手重要赛事的训练和比赛资料的分析、总结,亲历训练、比赛现场和走访专家,获得了一手的资料和信息。以此为基础对女子马拉松项目特点进行了归纳,并对项目的训练规律进行了探索。研究结果认为,女子马拉松作为耐力性项目,速度耐力对优秀选手水平提升起关键作用。训练中需要把握对运动员核心能力要素的发展,重视阶段训练负荷的节奏掌控,训练方法手段要组合搭配,在训练恢复中要重视科学的、个性化的恢复手段的选择。

Grounded in theoretical research on the event characteristics and training laws of women marathon,the purpose of this article is to provide ideas and references for the preparation of important event and reserve talent cultivation towards making it an advantage event of China ultimately. In this study,main research methods used are literature review,observation and interview methods. The important data and information are obtained by analyzing the data from the training and racing of the Chinese female marathon runners,personal experiences and interviews with the experts. Based on the data and information,this paper summarizes the event characteristics of women marathon and explores the training laws. According to the study,as an endurance game,speed endurance plays a decisive role in the elite female marathon runners' capability enhancement. It should improve the core competitive ability throughout the training,together with the concern about the control of the training loads in each stage and combination of the training methods. Furthermore,the alternation of scientific and personalized recovering methods is also critical in recovery training.