“死亡”的生存论意义与临终关怀

The Existentialism Comprehension of Death and Hospice Care

临终关怀是对于生命的最后关照,旨在帮助人们在人生的最后旅程之中也同样获得有尊严、有质量的生活。其中的根本问题就在于,我们如何看待死亡。死亡不仅具有生理的意义,更有着丰富的生存论内涵。首先,由于死的存在,生命才能生生不息。其次,死亡促使我们在选择中成就自己。再次,死亡赋予人们不可回避的责任。最后,基于生存论意义的死亡理解,让临终关怀不再是对不可逆的逝者最后的安慰,而是对于他们生命的关切与尊重。这就要求我们要建立完善的临终关怀标准、为临终者提供人本主义关怀、帮助临终者战胜死亡的恐惧。

The hospice care is to help the dying persons live with dignity and high living quanlity. How we regard the death is a fundamental issue which is closely related to the end of life care. Death is not just a biological phenomenon. It has rich sense from the view of existentialism. Firstly, death is a kind of living states. Secondly, the exist of death helps us to be ourselves by making choice. Thirdly, the exist of death makes it impossible for us to avoid responsibilities. Finally, based on the existentialism comprehension of death, let hospice care is no longer the last comfort for irreversible dead, but a life of concern and respect. This requests us to establish a perfect hospice care standards, provide a humanistic care for the dying person and help the dying person to overcome the fear of death.