空气预纯化的技术研究进展

Progress in air pre-purification technology

空气预纯化在空分设备流程中起着保障整套设备安全运行的重要作用。本文综述了近年来国内、外空气预纯化技术的研究和应用情况。指出目前目前存在的问题是:工艺流程大多通过增加均压、多塔循环等工艺步骤来提高空气预纯化效果,但系统尺寸较大、流程较复杂;吸附剂大多采用单一吸附剂、几种混合吸附剂或复合吸附剂来纯化气体,但纯化效果不理想且成本较高;吸附器大多采用立式轴向流、卧式垂直流、立式径向流等结构,通过改进气流分布器、改善分子筛布局及装填方式等提高吸附效率,但受到场地、能耗等因素限制。未来的研究重点应放在工艺流程的改进及开发新型模块式流程系统、原有吸附剂的改性及寻找新型吸附剂材料、原有吸附器结构的改进及开发新型吸附器结构等方面。

This paper reviewed recent developments and industrial applications of air pre-purification. Currently pressure equalization and multi-bed cycle are mostly commonly adopted in technological process,but the system has problems of large dimensions and complex process. Single adsorbent, mixed adsorbent or composite adsorbent are mainly used in gas purification,but the desired effect has not been obtained. Vertical-axial flow absorber,horizontal-vertical flow absorber and vertical-radical flow absorber are mostly used as absorber structures. The adsorption efficiency can be enhanced by improving air distributor,molecular sieve layout and packing etc,but it is impaired by some factors such as space and energy consumption. Air pre-purification technology will be further studied with improvement of process and a new module process system,modification of the original adsorbent and searching for new adsorbent,improvement of the structure of absorber and finding new structure.