多义词义项的语义关系及其对词义消歧的影响

Sense Relation of Polysemous Words and Its Impact on Word Sense Disambiguation

义项是词义消歧的研究对象,在消歧研究中起基础性作用。从义项关系角度关照词义消歧问题,既有词汇语义学层面的意义,又利于词义消歧研究的深入。本文在现代汉语词义系统框架下研究多义词的义项关系、语义距离及其与消歧正确率间的关系。统计发现,消歧正确率与语义距离间存在正相关关系;多义词义项间存在跨义类、同义类和近义三种关系,它们在词义消歧中的价值、策略、难度、评测等方面都存在显著不同。

Sense is the subject of researches on word sense disambiguation, and plays a fundamental role in them. The disambiguation research from the perspective of sense relation is of significance to word sense research. Under the framework of modern Chinese semantic system, this paper studies sense relation and semantic distance of polysemous words and their relationship with disambiguation accuracy. Statistical data shows positive correlation between disambiguation accuracy and semantic distance. There exist three different kinds of semantic relations among senses of polysemous words ： across- semantic category, synonymy and near-synonymy. They have significant differences in value, strategy, difficulty level, and evaluation of word sense disambiguation.