农民生态权权利缺陷对农村生态保护的影响及立法对策

On the Farmers Ecological Right's Mechanism of Action and System Construction in Rural Ecological Protection

赋予农民生态权可以使农民成为农村生态维护的权利主体,为农民在生态立法上争取话语权奠定制度基础。然而,生态资源的公共性导致农民生态权权益主体的权利不明晰、生态资源的有限性引发生态权利冲突,这使得农民生态权在农村生态保护中遭遇实施困境。为了使作为抽象人权的农民生态权在农村生态保护中得以落实,在理论上应明确生态权在权利体系中的地位,在立法上需要具体规定作为农民生态权权能的生态知情权、生态参与权、生态公益诉权。

Giving farmers the ecological rights can enable farmers to become the rights subject of rural ec- ological maintenance, establish the institutional basis for the farmers strive for the discourse power in the ecological legislation. However the public of ecological resources makes rights unclear of farmers ecologi- cal rights subject, limited ecological resources causes ecological rights conflict, and leading to the farmers ecological right encountered implementation difficulties in rural ecological protection. In order to make the farmer ecology as abstract human rights to be implemented in rural ecological protection, we need to be clear the ecological right ~s position in the right system in theory and specifically provide farmer ~s eco- logical right to know,right to participate,ecological public welfare claim right as the farmer＇s ecological right＇s powers in legislation.