试论吴江分湖柳氏日常生活中的分房原则

A Tentative Analysis on the House Distributing Principle in the Liu Clan's Daily Life from Fenhu,Wu Jiang

"房"在古汉语中具有分支的意思,延伸至宗族理论,可理解为从属于宗族宗庙的各个分支的祠堂的代名词。在分湖柳氏的日常活动中,处处呈现分房原则,分房原则也制约着家族内部各种功能性的关系如财产继承、喜庆婚丧等等,根据分房原则所拟订出来的身份或份额决定了家族内部各房支对各种事务的管理权限和参与程度。通过"房"这一中介,可以将宗族史研究和家庭史研究结合起来,并可以为在本土"语境"下把握中国传统"家庭"的真正含义提供一种可能。

＂Fang＂ or house, which has the m^aning of branches in traditional Chinese, if seen with theories on patriarchal clans, can be regarded as the synonym for the ancestral hall affiliated to all branches of a clan or ancestral shrine. The house distributing principle, seen everywhere in Fenhu＇s Liu Clan＇s daily life, also decides all kinds of functional relationships, such as property inheritance, weddings and funerals, within the clan. The status or share formulated on the basis of the principle determines the management authority and the participation degree of all the branches in the affairs of their clan. The study of clan history and that of the family then can be combined with the medium of ＂ fang＂ , and it is also likely to provide a possibility for the understanding of the true meaning of ＂family＂ in traditional Chinese in native ＂context＂.