新加坡住房政策的发展进程及效果评价

Evolution and Effectiveness Evaluation of the Housing Policy in Singapore

新加坡住房问题在殖民地时代长期存在并遭受忽视;独立后,新加坡政府不断致力于解决住房问题,并且将之当成构建典范国家的工具。通过长期强有力的政策干预,新加坡政府建立了以中央公积金为主要资金支持、以住房开发局为主导供应方式和以自有住房为主要权属的独具特色的住房政策体系。花园般的居住环境、较高的住房自有率、对经济发展和族群融合的促进以及效率与公平的兼顾等显示了新加坡住房政策干预的成功,在住房政策领域,新加坡可称为"资产建设"的典范。然而,新加坡住房政策也存在公共住房过度投资、损害中央公积金养老功能以及收入分配差距较大等消极效果。

Singapore＇s housing problems has existed and ignored during the colonial era. After the independence, solving the housing problem has been committed by the Singapore Government and has been served as a tool to es- tablish a new and model state. With long-term powerful policy interventions, Singapore goverment has established a unique housing policy system with the Central Provident Fund as financial support, the Housing Development Bu- reau as the leading provision role, and the owner-occupied housing as the main tenure choice. The garden-like resi- dential environment, higher homeownership rates, strong supports for economic development and ethnic harmony and so on, all demonstrate the success of Singapore＇s housing policy interventions, and Singapore can indeed be named the model of ＂asset-building policy＂ for housing policy. Even so, Singapore＇s housing policy has negative effects, such as over-investment in public housing, the Fund, and the larger income gap. damage of the pension function of the Central Provident