过氧乙酸对枇杷采后品质的保鲜作用

Effects of peracetic acid preservation on postharvest quality of loquat fruit

微生物引起的腐烂与品质劣变是枇杷采后贮藏过程中存在的主要问题,为探寻新型安全、高效、经济的防腐保鲜剂,评价了300、600、900 mg/L过氧乙酸(PAA)处理(4 min)对枇杷在非冷害低温(7±0.5)℃和0.02 mm PE包装贮藏条件下果实若干采后品质与生理指标的保鲜效应。结果表明:与清水对照(CK)相比,600 mg/L PAA处理显著地(P<0.05)阻抑了枇杷果实贮藏期间腐烂指数、细胞膜渗透率和失重率的上升,显著地(P<0.05)减缓了枇杷果实呼吸强度、可滴定酸、VC、可溶性固形物含量、出汁率和硬度的降低,并在腐烂指数、呼吸强度、细胞膜渗透率和失重率指标上显著(P<0.05)优于300 mg/L PAA处理,而900 mg/L PAA处理在VC、可溶性固形物、出汁率和硬度方面与CK差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,600 mg/L PAA处理4 min可作为一种高效、安全、经济的保鲜剂实用技术在枇杷采后贮运中应用推广。

The decay and quality deterioration caused by microorganism are the key problems during the storage of Ioquat fruit. In order to explore a new safe, efficient and cheap preservative antistaling agent, effects of some postharvest quality and physiology parameters of Ioquat fruit with 300, 600, 900 mg/L peracetic acid （PAA） treatments for 4 min were assessed under the condition of non-chilling low temperature （7＋0.5） ℃ and 0.02 mm PE package storage. The experimental results showed that 600 mg/L PAA treatment significantly （P〈0.05） inhibited the rise of decay index, cell membrane permeability and weight loss rate during storage of Ioquat fruit, and significantly （P〈0.05） delayed the drop of respiration intensity, titratable acidity, Vc, soluble solids content, juice yield and flesh firmness of Ioquat fruit, compared with the control （water treatment）. In addition, effect of 600 mg/L PAA treatment was significantly （P〈0.05） better than that of 300 mg/L PAA treatment in decay index, cell membrane permeability, respiration intensity and weight loss rate, but there was no significant difference （P〉0.05） between 900 mg/L PAA treatment and control in Vc, soluble solids content, juice yield and flesh firmness. Therefore, 600 mg/L PAA treatment for 4 min, as an efficient, safe, economical and convenient preservation technology, is worth application and promotion in postharvest Ioquat fruit storage and transportation.