不同基因型大豆植株氮素积累变化动态研究

Study on Dynamic Change of Nitrogen Accumulation in Different Soybean Varieties

为了探明大豆品种间氮素积累及运转规律,以东农42、黑农35、垦丰9号、东农46和秣食豆为材料,研究不同基因型大豆氮素积累分配差异。结果表明:不同基因型大豆品种叶片和茎秆氮素含量呈降—升—降的变化趋势;荚皮氮素含量呈下降趋势;籽粒氮素含量呈上升趋势。各营养器官氮素含量表现为荚皮>叶片>茎秆。不同基因型大豆叶片和茎秆氮素积累量变化动态基本一致,呈单峰曲线。荚皮中氮素积累量呈先升高后下降的趋势;籽粒氮素积累量呈持续增长趋势。成熟时全株氮素含量表现为秣食豆>黑农35>东农42>东农46>垦丰9号。高蛋白品种的营养体氮素积累峰值、氮素运转量及运转效率显著高于蛋白质含量低的品种,但氮收获指数相差很小。不同器官的氮素运转量和运转效率对籽粒的贡献率均表现为叶片>茎秆>荚皮。

In order to explore rules of nitrogen accumulation and translocation in soybean varieties, taking five varieties, Dongnong 42, Heinong 35, Dongnong 46, Kenfeng 9 and Moshidou as experiment materials,difference of the nitrogen accumulation and distribution in different genotypes of soybean was studied. The results showed that there existed a similar nitrogen content tendency between leaves and stems, which changed in drop-rise- drop. The nitrogen content in pod shells decreased gradually,while increased gradually in seeds. The gradation of nitrogen content in different organs was pod shell.〉leaf〉stem. The dynami change of nitrogen accumulation in leaves and stems were similar, which changed in single-peak curve. Nitrogen content in seeds kept increasing. The nitrogen content of different soybean varieties during maturity was Moshidou〉 Heinong 35 〉 Dongnong 42〉Dongnong 46〉 Kenfeng 9. The nitrogen accumulation and distribution of different soybean varieties showed that the quantity and efficiency of nitrogen transloeation of high protein varieties were higher than that of other varieties, but the nitrogen harvest index was similar. The contribution rate of the quantity and efficien- cy of nitrogen translocation in organs showed leaf〉stem〉pod shell.