皮肤黑素降解的研究进展

Skin melanin degradation

人类皮肤颜色的差异主要由黑素在皮肤中的含量、种类及其分布状态（颗粒状或分散状）来决定。黑素在黑素细胞的黑素小体内被合成后，借助多种途径完成在黑素细胞内以及从黑素细胞到邻近角质形成细胞的转运，最终在角质形成细胞内被降解而排出体外。对于黑素的生成和转运，各方面的研究很多，而对黑素在角质形成细胞内的降解过程研究甚少，机制尚不明了。目前研究认为，自噬在其中发挥着重要的作用。

The difference in human skin complexion is mainly determined by melanin content, type and distribution （granular or scattered）. It is considered that melanin is synthesized in melanocytes firstly, then transported from melanocytes to keratinocytes through a variety of ways, degraded in keratinocytes, and finally passes out of the body. Although there have been many studies on the production and transport of melanin, little is known about the degradation process of melanin in keratinocytes. Autophagy is likely to play an important role in this process.