登月服的热性能研究

Research on Thermal Performance of Lunar EVA Suit.

目的计算代谢率为300 W和600 W情况下登月服的热性能。方法在考虑登月服外表面与太阳、月球、登月舱等的辐射换热,登月服内表面与人体之间的导热、对流、和辐射换热的基础上,建立了登月服换热模型;采用编程的方法进行计算。结果得到了代谢率为300 W和600 W情况下人体不同部位的皮肤温度和相关处通风气体和冷却液体的温度。结论在最冷和最热两种极限环境状态下,在登月服的上臂始端、躯干始端、大腿始端设置温度控制器,才能保证人体月面活动的热舒适。

Objective To calculate the thermal performances of the lunar EVA suit under the metabolic heats at 300 W and 600 W. Methods Considering mainly the radiations between the lunar EVA suit and the sun, the moon, and the lunar module, as well as the conduction, convection and radiation in the suit and between its inner surface and human body, a heat transfer model for the lunar EVA suit was developed, and a program was written to compute the results. Results The skin temperatures of the astronauts and the inlet and outlet temperatures of ventilation air and cooling liquid in the suit under the metabolic heats at 300 W and 600 W were obtained. Conclusion Under the extremely cold and hot environment, the lunar EVA suit temperature controllers should be added at the upper positions of arms, torso and thighs to ensure the thermal comfort of as- tronauts on the moon.