660例肺结核的临床诊疗研究

Clinical Study of 660 Cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

目的探讨肺结核患者的患病因素,临床表现特点和治疗方法。方法对2006年9月至2013年9月在我院住院的660例肺结核患者的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果肺结核与原发感染,结核病免疫和迟发变态反应及继发性肺结核等因素密切相关。660例肺结核均表现为咳嗽,咳痰,咯血,胸痛,午后低热,倦怠乏力,夜间盗汗,食欲减退,体重减轻等症状。结合病史,症状和体征,联合影像学检查,痰结核分枝杆菌检查,纤维支气管镜检查,结核菌素试验等检查有助于诊断。结论肺结核近年发病率呈增加趋势,且常合并大咯血,HIV等感染。传染性强,变化快,严重者可危及生命。确诊后应控制传染源,切断传播途径,尽早治疗痰菌阳性病人,有助于提高本病治愈率,故应保护易感人群,加强本病防治知识宣传。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis patients, clinical features and treatment methods. Methods A retrospective analysis of 2006 September- 2013 September in this hospital 660 cases of clinical data of patients with pul- monary tuberculosis. Results Pulmonary tuberculosis and primary infection ,immunity to tuberculosis and delayed allergic reaction and secondary pulmonary tuberculosis and other factors are closely related. The 660 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were cough, expectora- tion, hemoptysis, chest pain, afternoon fever, fatigue, night sweats,loss of appetite, weight loss and other symptoms. Combining with the history, symptoms and signs, combined with imaging examination, Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum examination, bronchoscope, tu- berculin test examination is helpful to the diagnosis of. Conclusion Pulmonary tuberculosis incidence rate showed an increasing trend in recent years, and is often associated with massive hemoptysis, HIV infection. Infectivity is strong, quick change, severe cases can be life-threatening. After diagnosis should control the source of infection, cut off the route of transmission, treatment of smear positive pa- tients as early as possible, help to improve the cure rate, so we should protect susceptible people, strengthen the disease prevention knowledge propaganda.