青少年与中老年Bolton指数的比较

A comparative study of Bolton index in the youth and middle-aged and elderly people

目的:探讨青少年与中老年Bolton指数,上、下颌牙量以及牙量不调(teeth size discrepancy,TSD)发生率是否有显著差异。方法:选取牙数完整的错畸形青少年石膏模型191副,鼾症或阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)中老年病例的石膏模型63副,测量其第一磨牙之间12颗牙的牙量,获取所有病例的双侧上颌侧切牙宽度、Bolton指数前牙比、全牙比及牙量不调量,采用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行统计学处理。结果:①青少年与中老年Bolton指数前牙比与全牙比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。②在上、下颌牙量的比较中,上颌第一磨牙间牙量2组比较有显著差异(P<0.01),中老年组偏小,其余测量项目无显著差异,但中老年组均值变小。③青少年组牙量不调病例占所选样本比例前牙为31.4%,全牙为42.4%;中老年组前牙为19.1%,全牙为15.9%,2组比较有显著差异。④侧切牙冠宽比较中,青少年组均数为7.46 mm,中老年组为7.20 mm,差异显著。⑤牙量不调病例中,侧切牙冠宽异常病例不多。结论:随着年龄的增加,Bolton指数无明显变化,中老年组牙量虽有减小,但临床意义不大;上颌侧切牙冠宽异常不是导致牙量不调的主要原因。

PURPOSE： To Investigate the changes of Bolton index, maxillary and mandibular teeth size and teeth size discrepancy （TSD） in the youth and middle- aged and elderly people. METHODS： One hundred ninety-one youth dental plaster casts from malocclusion patients and 63 middle-aged and elderly people with snoring or obstructive sleep apnea- hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） patients were selected. 12 teeth size between the upper and lower first molar, width of maxillary lateral incisor, Bolton anterior and overall ratios and teeth size discrepancy were measured and calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software package. RESULTS ： （1）There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in Bohon anterior and overall ratios （ P〉0.05 ）. （2）Tbe mean size of the upper lateral tooth in the youth was larger than the middle-aged and elderly people （ P〈0.01 ）.There was no significant difference in 6 upper or lower anterior teeth size between canine and 12 mandibular teeth size between first molar in 2 groups, but the mean teeth size in the middle-aged and elderly people was smaller. （3）The prevalence of anterior and overall TSD in the youth was 31.4% and 42.4%,while it was 19.05% and 15.9% in the middle-aged and elderly group. （4）There was significant difference （P〈0.05） between 2 groups in width of upper lateral incisor, which was 7.46mm in the youth and 7.20 mm in the middle-aged and elderly group. （5） Prevalence of laminal width of upper lateral incisor in patients with teeth size discrepancy was low. CONCLUSIONS： Bolton index does not change by age. Although the teeth size in middle-aged and elderly group are smaller than the youth group, the total reduction is little without clinical significance. The laminal width of upper lateral incisor isn＇t the main cause for anterior or overall dental size discrepancy. Supported by Research Fund from Department of Public Health of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region （GWZ2013405 and GWZ2007149）.