舌侧集中牙合全口义齿咀嚼效率的研究

Evaluation of masticatory efficiency for edentulous patients restored with complete denture with lingualized occlusion

目的比较舌侧集中牙合与常规半解剖牙合全口义齿修复牙列缺失后的咀嚼效能。方法选取牙列缺失患者132例,其中刃状牙槽嵴64例、低平牙槽嵴68例。刃状牙槽嵴和低平牙槽嵴的患者分别用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,刃状牙槽嵴患者的试验组和对照组各32例,低平牙槽嵴患者的试验组和对照组各34例。试验组患者采用舌侧集中牙合全口义齿修复,对照组患者采用常规半解剖牙合全口义齿修复,并于佩戴义齿1、3、6、12个月时采用吸光度法检测每位患者的咀嚼效率,并对结果进行t检验。结果义齿佩戴1个月时刃状牙槽嵴或低平牙槽嵴患者的试验组咀嚼效率与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。义齿佩戴3、6、12个月时刃状牙槽嵴或低平牙槽嵴患者的试验组咀嚼效率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组咀嚼效率在义齿佩戴3个月时达到最大,且以后较为稳定。试验组患者中刃状牙槽嵴患者的咀嚼效率高于低平牙槽嵴患者,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于牙槽嵴吸收严重的无牙颌患者,佩戴义齿3个月后,舌侧集中牙合全口义齿的咀嚼效率比半解剖牙合全口义齿更高。

Objective To compare the difference in masticatory efficiency between complete dentures with lingualized occlusion and anatomic occlusal dentures. Methods 132 edentulous patients were selected and were divided into two groups, which were knife-ridge model including 64 patients and low well-rounded ridge model including 68 patients. Ac- cording to random number table knife-ridge model were equally distributed to experimental group and control group, while each group was 32 patients. In the same way low well-rounded ridge modal were equally distributed to experimental group and control group, with 34 patients in each group. Experimental group was made by complete denture with lingualized oc clusion and the control group was conducted by anatomic occlusal dentures. Then the masticatory efficiency was detected and comparative analysis ＇after one months ,three months ,six months and twelve months separately. Results There were significant difference in knife-ridge model and low well-rounded ridge model between experimental group and control group respectively Mter three months, six months and twelve months, contrastively no significant difference after one mouth. The highest masticatory efficiency in experimental group was observed after wearing the denture for 3month, and we found the mastieatory efficiency nf complete denture with lingualized occlusion was constant relatively. The masticatory efficien cy of experimental group was higher than that in control group in knife-ridge model and low well-rounded ridge model, but didnt find the significant difference. Conclusion For the edentulous patients with moderate or severe alveolar ridge ab sorption, the masticatory efficiency of complete denture with lingualized occlusion were significantly higher than anatomic occlusal denture, which was observed after wearing the denture for 3 months.