牵引力对机车车轮轮轨黏着性能的影响分析

Analysis on Influence of Traction Force on Locomotive Wheel-rail Adhesion Performance

为了解机车在牵引工况下轮轨的蠕滑特征,本文采用线性蠕滑理论和非线性修正方法,推导出轮轨接触的蠕滑力公式,结合磨耗型踏面的轮轨接触几何特征,采用Simpack多体动力学软件建立DF8B型三轴转向架机车动力学模型,进行动力学仿真验证。研究发现:传统转向架机车在牵引工况通过曲线时,导向轮对外侧车轮轮缘根部接触钢轨,总的蠕滑力处于饱和状态;当轮轨接触总的蠕滑力饱和时,牵引力会引起轮轨接触界面的纵向和横向蠕滑力重新分配,牵引力越大,纵向蠕滑力越大,横向蠕滑力越小。惰行工况下导向力矩最大,随着牵引力的增加,导向轮对的导向力矩逐渐减小。

In order to understand w heel-rail creep characteristics of locomotive under the action of traction forces , using the linear creep theory and the nonlinear correction method , the w heel-rail contact creep forces formula was deduced .Combining with wheel-rail contact geometric features of the worn profile tread ,the dy-namic model of DF8B Locomotive with three-axle bogies was built by SIMPACK and dynamic simulation was made . The research results show as follows ：When the locomotive with traditional bogies negotiate a curve under traction ,the root segment of flange of the outside wheel of the guiding wheelset comes into contact with the rail and the total creep force becomes saturated ;w hen the total w heel-rail contact creep force gets saturat-ed , the traction force will cause redistribution of the longitudinal and lateral creep stresses on the wheel-rail contact interface ,i.e. , the larger the traction force , the larger the longitudinal creep force and the smaller the lateral creep force ;the steering torque of guide w heelset reaches its maximum in the idle running condition and it decreases gradually along with increasing of traction force .