胆管癌支架治疗的现状及进展

Biliary stenting for cholangiocarcinoma: An update

胆管癌(cholangiocarcinoma)是最常见的胆道恶性肿瘤.因其起病隐匿、早期诊断困难、治疗方法有限,预后极差.大多数患者就诊时已失去外科手术机会.胆道支架治疗是晚期胆管癌重要的姑息治疗手段,可解除胆道梗阻,改善患者生活质量,延长生存期.不同支架治疗方法的选择与患者的预后密切相关.本文结合最近几年有关文献,就胆管癌支架治疗效果,支架植入路径选择,不同材质支架特点及应用,载药支架等新兴胆道支架的研究进展,以及支架联合局部治疗的应用等作一综述,以供临床参考.

Cholangiocarcinoma （bile duct cancer） is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary tree. This devastating malignancy presents late, and is notoriously difficult to diagnose, thus resulting a high mortality. The majority of cholangiocarcinoma patients present with an un- resectable disease, and survive less than 12 mo following diagnosis. Biliary stent placement is an effective palliative therapy for malignant biliary obstruction, which can significantly improve the quality of life, and extend the survival time of patients. Different biliary stent placement methods would closely affect the prognosis of patients. The purpose of this article is to review the treatment efficacy, insertion paths and types of biliary stents. This paper also covers emerging biliary stents including drug stents, and biliary stent combination local therapy.