重庆地区人体舒适度日数时空变化特征

Temporal and spatial characteristics of number of human comfortable days in Chongqing area

利用1981—2010年重庆地区34个地面气象观测站日值数据集,基于人体舒适度指数模型和气候影响评价标准,综合采用线性回归、M-K突变、小波理论和EOF分析等方法分析其时空变化特征。结果表明:重庆地区年平均人体舒适日数为199 d,主要舒适季节为春、秋两季,占全年的71%;人体舒适日数年变化较大,总体呈上升趋势,存在4 a、7—8 a的周期振荡,其中热不舒适日数呈上升趋势,冷不舒适日数呈下降趋势;年平均人体舒适日数和热不舒适日数空间分布为渝西南及渝东北地区日数较其他地区偏多,且存在季节性差异,而人体冷不舒适日数则相反。

Based on the diurnal meteorological data from 34 ground weather stations from 1981 to 2010 in Chongqing region, the temporal and spatial characteristics of the number of human comfortable days were analyzed in terms of human comfortable index models and assessment standards of climate impact, and the methods of a lin- ear regression, a M-K mutation, a wavelet theory and an EOF analysis were employed. The results show that the annual mean of the number of human comfortable days are 199 d in Chongqing area. The main comfortable sea- sons are spring and autumn,and both account for 71% of the year. The inter-annual changes of human comfortable days are significant, and it is in a rising trend in general. There are two periodic oscillations of 4 years and 7-8 years. The hot uncomfortable day is in an ascending trend, while the cold one is in a descending trend. The mean annual human comfortable days and hot uncomfortable days are greater in the southwestern Chongqing and north- eastern Chongqing than in the other areas of Chongqing and there are seasonal variations, while the reverse is true for the cold uncomfortable days.