水通道蛋白1与胶质瘤的最新研究进展

Ministry of Education,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital,National Clinical Research Center of Cancer,Research progress on AQP1 in gliomas

水通道蛋白1(AQP1)是特异性跨膜转运水分子的蛋白,在中枢神经系统主要表达在脉络丛上皮细胞,参与脑脊液的形成。在胶质瘤中,AQP1主要在星形胶质细胞瘤细胞和血管内皮细胞中表达,并且随着肿瘤级别的升高AQP1表达增加。在胶质瘤细胞系中AQP1的表达由地塞米松、血小板源性生长因子、氯化钠、缺氧、D-葡萄糖和果糖诱导,并且AQP1 mRNA的表达随着剂量的增加而上调。根据AQP1在胶质瘤中的表达及其功能的现有研究,认为AQP1可能参与肿瘤血管生成和肿瘤相关水肿的生成,并且发现AQP1与胶质瘤细胞的迁移密切相关。目前AQP1与胶质瘤关系的研究还处于起步阶段,随着AQP1功能及其作用机制的不断阐明可能为今后临床治疗胶质瘤提供重要的依据,并可成为针对胶质瘤术后复发、迁移的新靶点。

Aquaporin 1 （AQP1） is a specific protein that transports water molecules through the cell membrane. AQP 1 mainly ex- presses in the choroid plexus epithelial cells of the central nervous system and participates in the formation of cerebrospinal fluid. In gli-omas, AQP1 expresses in neoplastic astrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. AQP1 expression is increased in parallel with histological grade in gliomas. AQP1 expression in gliosarcoma cell line is induced by dexamethasone, platelet-derived growth factor, sodium chlo-ride, hypoxia, D-glucose, and fructose. AQP1 mRNA expression is upregulated with increasing dosage. Through the expression of AQP1 in gliomas and the existing research on its hmction, we suggest that AQP1 may participate in tumor angiogenesis and tumor-relat-ed edema. AQP1 is closely associated with glioma cell migration. The function of AQP1 and its mechanism has been elucidated. Thus, this protein can be used as a new therapeutic target to inhibit the metastasis and recurrence of gliomas.