玉雕及其绘画教学的探索与实践

Exploration and Practice on Teaching Jade Carving and Its Drawing

我国发现玉石和使用玉器有近万年的历史,而玉石雕琢技艺,是古人在漫长的生活与生产的发展过程中演变而成的。在数千年的玉石雕琢史中,中国玉石雕琢经历了从新石器时期的古拙,到唐、宋时期雕塑艺术的成熟,秦汉时期的粗犷豪放,明清时期精巧玲珑的演变历史。它体现了中华民族玉文化传统的思想精髓。结合玉石雕琢技艺实际教学,从中国玉石文化的发展为切入点,对玉文化观念、玉雕的发展和繁荣进行了探讨,进而针对玉雕造型能力培养以及在玉雕、绘画、技法和加工教学中存在的实际问题,提出了自己的见解,同时,根据玉雕课堂教学情况,提出了对学生玉雕技艺培养与实训的方法和建议。

It has been a history of nearly ten thousand years for the Chinese to find and use jade. Jade carving skills have been developed along with the long life and production in the process of evolution. The jade carving styles have experienced from simlpeness in Neolithic Period, maturity in Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty, and then boldness in Qin Dynasty and Han Dynasty, eventually pretty and smart in Ming Dynasty and Qin Dynasty, which indica- ted the soul of traditional jade culture of Chinese nation. Combing with teaching experiences of iade carving skills, the author analyzed Chinese jade culture and jade carving development. To cultivate the modeling ability of students and solve the problems on jade carving, draw- ing, skills and process, the author put forward some suggestions on teaching and training methods of jade carving skills for improving the carving level of students.