高端农产品价格的“最后一公里”与产业链的失衡发展——基于黑龙江五常市“五常大米”的实证分析

High-end Agricultural Products:Problems of the "Last One Kilometer" in Pricing and the Unbalanced Supply Chain Development——Empirical Analysis on "Wuchang Rice"

与部分普通农产品产业链类似,高端农产品产业链同样存在价格的"最后一公里"及利润分配严重不均等现象,导致农户种植积极性受抑制、产业发展受阻。本文以黑龙江五常市"五常大米"产业链为例,根据对稻米种植农户、加工商与经销商的访谈与问卷调查的资料,从成本分摊和利润分配角度对稻米产业链的生产、加工和经销环节进行分析,证实了"五常大米"产业链存在"最后一公里"问题,这也导致了产业链的失衡发展。据此,本文总结出了高端农产品产业链失衡发展的三点原因,并提出了相应的政策建议。

Similar to some ordinary agricultural products,problems of the "last one kilometer" in pricing and uneven profit distribution also exist in the supply chain of high-end agricultural products.Such problems are responsible for less motivation of peasants in farm production.Thus,the whole supply chain can be blocked.The paper takes "Wuchang Rice" as an example and analyzes the distribution of costs and interests in its supply chain by using field research data,proving the existence of the "last one kilometer" problem in pricing and the unbalanced supply chain development Based on the empirical analysis,the paper concludes three reasons for unbalanced supply chain development of high-end agricultural products and raises corresponding policy suggestions.