高温对优质水稻籽粒淀粉形成及淀粉合成相关酶活性的影响

Effect of High Temperature on Starch Formation of Grain and Activities of Enzymes Related to Starch Synthesis of Quality Rice Varieties

为给水稻抗高温胁迫栽培提供依据,采用高温胁迫与自然温度对比的方法,通过盆栽试验和人工气候室控温,研究了花后高温(37℃)胁迫对籽粒淀粉形成及淀粉合成相关酶活性的影响。结果表明,花后高温(37℃)处理后,籽粒支链淀粉及总淀粉积累量均低于对照(CK,常温),表现为CK>T1>T2>T3;但直链淀粉含量均高于对照,表现为CK<T1<T2<T3。同时,高温对2个供试品种籽粒的淀粉形成均较对照有影响,其影响程度因品种而异,花后高温影响SSS、SS、AGpase、GBSS等淀粉合成相关酶的活性,该系列酶活性均出现先升后降的变化趋势,其峰值出现的先后时间不同,由此对产量产生的影响也存在差异。

The effects of high temperature on grain starch accumulation, Yuzhenxiang and Xiangwanxian 12 were investigated. In grain growing in pots with temperature controlled and moisture controlled green house in differ-ent days after anthesis,compared with grain growing in natural temperature as CK. The results showed that amounts of amy-lopectin and starch accumulation in grains declined significantly under heat stress at different stages after an-thesis. The order of the treatments were CK〉T1 〉T2 〉T3 after anthesis,but the amounts of amylase showed the opposite trend. High temperature can brought large influence to rice yield and starch formation compared with the field trial,and different cultivated variety had different effect. High temperature on the heading stage could affect ac-tivities of enzymes related to starch synthesis of SSS,SS,AGpase and GBSS etc,this series of enzyme rose at first, reached the peak at different times,so it brought great influence on grain yield.