芝麻种子发育过程中木酚素、脂肪及蛋白质积累量变化研究

Study on Accumulation Process of Lignans,Oil and Protein in Sesame Seeds

为明确芝麻种子发育过程中木酚素、粗脂肪、粗蛋白质的积累变化规律,以2个高木酚素芝麻品系SJ856、SJ857为材料,研究了其种子发育过程中木酚素、粗脂肪及粗蛋白质的积累变化情况。结果表明,随着芝麻种子逐渐发育,种子含水量不断下降,种子干物质积累量先近似直线上升后下降,授粉后35 d时积累量达最大值(干基千粒质量为2.99 g);粗脂肪、粗蛋白质积累与干物质积累同步,均先近似直线增加后下降,授粉后35 d时积累量均达最大值(1.633 5,0.690 0 mg/粒);芝麻素和芝麻林素积累量也随着芝麻种子逐渐发育而增加,在授粉后35 d时积累量均达最大值(17.103 4,6.134 1μg/粒),而后下降,呈前期积累快、中后期积累慢的特点,且芝麻林素的积累快于芝麻素。总之,在芝麻籽粒发育过程中,木酚素、粗脂肪、粗蛋白质积累变化趋势一致,均随种子发育呈先增加后降低的趋势,且均在授粉后35 d积累至最大值。

Two sesame breeding lines,SJ856 and SJ857 with high total lignans,were used to study the accumu-lation of sesamin,sesamolin,oil and protein during seed development. The results showed that moisture content of seed continuously decreased with seed development,and that seed dry weight,crude oil and protein increased ap-proximately at a linear rate and reached their maximum （2. 99 g,1. 633 5 mg/one-seed and 0. 690 0 mg/one-seed respectively） on the 35th day after pollination. Sesamin and sesamolin accumulated to their maximum （17. 103 4μg/one-seed and 6. 134 1μg/one-seed respectively） on the 35th day after seed pollination,however,they increased much faster in early than in middle stages. Meanwhile,sesamolin accumulation was much faster than that of sesa-min. In short,lignans,crude fat and crude protein share the same accumulation trend during the development of ses-ame seeds,they all increased first and then decreased during seed development,and accumulated to a maximum on the 35th day after pollination.