起重机液压换向阀建模及仿真研究

Modeling and Simulation Study on Hydraulic Directional Valve of Crane

关于起重机液压换向阀性能优化设计问题,与多路换向阀的特性密切相关。为提升性能,应根据阀芯凸肩上节流槽口的形状和尺寸,建立多路换向阀及液压系统的模型。以某型起重机多路阀中变幅阀组为研究对象,针对阀口流量系数随着阀口开度发生变化的特点,通过运用流体动力学仿真计算的方法,获取了阀口的流量系数与阀口开度之间的对应数据。并结合AMESim仿真平台构建了起重机变幅阀组和液压系统的仿真模型,获得了液压系统在典型工况下的压力、流量仿真结果。最后搭建了与典型工况相似的实验台架,对仿真结果进行验证。两者的对比结果表明,提出的模型方法具有理想的优化效果,为多路换向阀的优化设计奠定了良好的基础。

The start-stop performance of crane work is closely related to the characteristics of the multi-way di- rectional valve. To improve this performance, the simulation model of multi-way directional valve and the hydraulic system must be built base on the shape and size of throttling notches on the valve core. In this paper, a luffing valve group in multi-way directional valve of a certain type of crane was analyzed, according to the characteristic that the flow coefficient of the valve port changes along with its opening size, the corresponding data between the opening size and the flow coefficient of the valve port have been gained by using fluid dynamics simulation method. Then the simu- lation results of pressure and flow rate under the typical working conditions have been gained combined with the simu- lation model which is built by AMESim. At last, the experiment platform has been built, the comparison of the simu- lation results with the bench test of crane luffing valve groups result shows that the former has obviously ideal effec- tiveness which laids a good foundation for the improvement of designing multi-way directional valve in the future.