基于零售商(Q,R)补货的双渠道供应链库存策略

随着电子商务的出现和第三方面物流的快速发展,越来越多的品牌供应商开始借助于网络建立直销渠道,单一产品已同时具备电子销售和传统零售双渠道供应链系统,顾客可以任意选择自己所偏好的购物渠道。一旦所偏好的产品购物渠道缺货,一定比例的顾客就会转向另一渠道选购产品。本文在假定供应商采用一对一的策略,零售商采用(Q,R)策略补充货源的情况,针对供应商的最优库存水平以及零售商的最优订货点水平和最佳订货量进行研究。利用马尔可夫过程建立双渠道供应链库存模型,得出结论:供应商存在基准库存水平,零售商存在最优订货点和最佳订货量使供应链的收益达到最大。MATLAB数值仿真结果表明了结论的有效性。

With the advent of e - commerce and the rapid development of third - party logistics, more and more brand suppliers have begun to be engaged in direct sales channel by introducing internet, and a single product has possessed the dual- channel supply chain system of simuhaneously electronic sales and traditional retails, in which, customers may choose the channel randomly that is better suited to their needs, and a proportion of them may switch to another channel when a stock - out occurs in their preferred channel. Assuming that supplier implements the one -for- one policy and retailer implements the （Q, R） ordering policy to replenish their inventories, this paper studies the optimal stock level of supplier and the optimal reorder point and reorder quantity of retailer. We set up the inventory model of dual - channel supply chain by Markov process, and draw the conclusion that there exist the optimal base - stock level of supplier and the optimal reorder point and reorder quantity of retailer to maximize the profit of supply chain. MTALAB numerical simulation result has proved the effectiveness of the conclusion.