汉代经学视域与文学空间——兼论汉代文学的“独立性”

Classic Perspective and Literary Space: Discussion on the Independence of Literature in Han Dynasty

汉代经学与文学的观照往往投向共同的对象,可作实证的考辨和类聚的阐述。汉赋继承《诗》之"窈窕"并《诗》、《骚》玉女、宓妃的审美观照,经学的解释则取伦理评价。《诗》、《骚》山水表现俱以个体情感的投射表现审美精神,汉代骚体如之,大赋以之为审美的对象而形成宏阔的铺陈;经学则承仁、智的观念进行比德的说教。经学对虹蜺的解释与道德相系,但《楚辞》却以楚人图腾的关联而视之为美好之象,并延及汉赋的描写。这说明汉代经学视域与文学空间的并存及其相互关联,说明汉代文学得于往代继承和具有审美的相对独立性。

The study of Confucian Classics and the literature criticism in the Han Dynasty share some common objects, which can be used as evidence in comparative study. Literature creation inherits the aesthetic observation on the beautiful ladies such as Jade Lady or Fu Fei in the Book of Songs and Chu Ci, while classic study takes the approach of moral criticism on these images. Landscape descriptions reflect individual aesthetic spirit in Poems and Chu Ci, or are used as aesthetic elaboration in the Fu, but they are only analogies of Con- fucian concepts of benevolence and wisdom in classic study. The explanation of ＂Rainbow＂ is related with moral judgment in classic study, but it is only a beautiful image affiliated with the totem of Chu in Chu Ci and Han Fu. There is a correlation between the perspective of classic study and the literary space in the Han Dynasty, yet the literature of Han Dynasty has its own independency inherited from previous generations.