陶渊明创作的思想史意义

Significance of Intellectual History in Tao Yuanming' s Creation

陶渊明是屈原之后中国历史上一个巨大的文化符号,光芒四射,笼罩百代,对后世影响极大。他关于社会、人类的终极价值的思考,比如理想的社会模式、人和自然的关系、人生的目的、脱离了主流社会后人该如何生存以及生死问题等等,多数是在其最后的乡村苦难生活中完成的。事实证明,这些思考具有恒久的价值,不仅体现在文学史与美学史上,更体现在思想史上。陶渊明显示思想史意义的文学创作有自己鲜明的特点:从不枯燥抽象地说理,而是由生活到理论,再从理论回到生活,生活与理论、理论与生活水乳交融,难以切分。抽象的理论,往往通过个人的生活实践得到生动形象的阐释。

Tao Yuanming is a great culture symbol following Qu Yuan in Chinese history that has been showing so brilliant light that he has had profound impact on the later hundreds of generations. He experienced his suffering life in the last years in the countryside and gained the thought of ultimate values about society and human, such as ideal social pattern, the relation between nature and man, the ultimate end of life, how to survive after breaking away from the chief society and the problem of life and death and so on. It has turned out to be that those thoughts have been everlasting not only in the history of literature and aesthetics, but also in the intellectual history. Tao Yuanming shows his own distinct characteristic in the literary creation of intellectual history. He never uses dull and abstract interpretation, but uses the writing style from real life to theory, then from theory to the real life, then the mixture of the both. The abstract theory has been elaborated vividly by the means of his personal living practice.