集成LiDAR和辐射模型的植被遮挡下城市屋顶太阳能估算

Estimation of Urban Building Rooftop-Received Solar Energy by LiDAR and Irradiation Model in the Urban Vegetation Shading Environment

结合LiDAR和CCD数据的多源特征融合及面向对象分类方法,在优化LiDAR点云数据提取数字高程模型方法的基础上,高精度提取植被和建筑结构参数;通过集成半球视域太阳辐射模型,输出单体建筑不同季节屋顶太阳能分布图,定量评估植被对屋顶太阳辐射的遮挡效应。结果表明:LiDAR集成CCD数据提取建筑结构信息的方法精度比仅使用LiDAR单一数据源的效果好;运算结果较好地反映了高层建筑遮挡效应的季节性变化以及低矮建筑周边植被的遮挡效应;植被结构参数与屋顶辐射衰减呈明显的正相关关系,而建筑结构参数对屋顶太阳辐射衰减的影响较弱且总体趋势不明显。

In this research, vegetation and building parameters were extracted accurately by using multi-feature fusion and object-oriented classification with LiDAR and CCD data,based on the digital elevation model calculated by the refined information extraction algorithm using LiDAR. By integrating hemispherical viewshed solar radiation model,the individual- building based rooftop-received solar radiation was mapped across four seasons, and the shading effects of rooftops by neighborhood trees were quantitatively estimated. The result demonstrated that： compared with the building structure parameters extract from sole LiDAR data,the results by the integration of LiDAR and CCD had a higher accuracy; it also reflected the seasonal dynamics of the shading effects by high-rise buildings and the shading on low-height buildings by surrounded tall trees; there existed a positive correlation between vegetation structure parameters and rooftop-received solar reduction,whereas the influence by building structure parameters was mild and the general trend was not significant.