微柱凝胶卡式法在临床输血中的应用价值分析

Application value of microcolumn gel technique in clinical blood transfusion

目的探讨微柱凝胶卡式法在临床输血中的应用价值,以确保临床输血安全。方法在输血前,使用微柱凝胶法对有输血史、妊娠史、短期内需要多次输血或交叉配血不合的输血或备血标本进行不规则抗体筛检,筛检阳性者,进一步作抗体特异性鉴定,再选取该抗体对应抗原阴性的供血者与患者进行交叉配血。结果在932例患者病例中,共筛检出不规则抗体3例(0.32%),经抗体特异性鉴定,为抗-E 2例(0.21%),抗-c 1例(0.11%),选取不规则抗体相应抗原阴性的供血者与患者进行交叉配血,配血成功。另检出患者已致敏红细胞所引起的交叉配血次侧凝集2例(0.21%),假凝集1例(0.11%),自身抗体2例(0.21%)。结论微柱凝胶法对于保证临床输血安全具有重要的临床应用价值;交叉配血前必须进行不规则抗体的筛检,这对有输血史、妊娠史以及短期内需多次输血的患者尤为重要。

Objective To investigate the application value of microcolumn gel technique in clinical blood transfusion ,and to ensure the safety of blood transfusion. Methods Before the blood transfusion, screening irregular antibodies with microcolumn gel method in the patients who with a history of blood transfusion, pregnancy history, multiple transfusions in short term or cross-matching incompatibility, and the antibody specificity of positive specimens would be further identified. Finally, the blood donors with corresponding negative antigen were selected and crossmatched with above patients. Results The irregular antibodies were found in 3 of 932 cases （0.32%）：2 with anti-E （0.21%）,1 with anti-c （0.11%）,and these 3 cases crossmatched successfully with corresponding antigen-negative blood donors. Additionally, 2 cases of sensitized RBC which cause hypo-side agglutination ,1 case of pseudoaglutination,2 cases of autoantibodies were found in crossmatching test. Conclusion Microcolumn gel technique has important clinical application value in guaranteeing blood transfusion safety, and irregular antibody screening must be per-formed before crossmatching, it is particularly important for the patients with a history of blood transfusion, pregnancy or multiple transfusions in short term.